3D Laser Scanners vs. 2D Laser Scanners

3D laser scanners are devices that capture data from the surface of the object to accurately digitize its shape in a three-dimensional format. Unlike CMMs, which rely on physical contact with the object, laser 3D scanners are capable of quickly collecting and storing measurement data, allowing faster and easier inspection and analysis.

3D laser scanners are also used to reverse engineer parts and components and assure adequate fit between parts and components—among many other things. However, there are many different types of 3D scanners suitable for various applications.

Most importantly, 3D laser scanners are a key part in manufacturing to check tolerances, inspect for defects, and analyze components to ensure all specs and quality requirements are met. These scanners are used in conjunction with several other devices to automate factories around the world.

3D laser scanners use laser emitters and receivers to emit, collect, and interpret light but also rely on specialized software to record the changes in distance and shape of the laser line, resulting in a continuous collection of points along the XYZ axes and their corresponding coordinates.

2D laser scanners typically work by projecting a laser beam onto an object’s surface and detecting the light reflected into the measurement sensor. The working principles are the same as with 3D sensors, as they often involve laser triangulation which relies on the refraction angle to derive distance.

These devices are invaluable in dimensional measurement thanks to their high precision and accuracy, and they’re capable of capturing fine details and object contours for further processing. 2D laser scanners are critical for quality control, inspection, and reverse engineering processes.

Additionally, 2D laser scanners are incredibly versatile as they can be used on different materials and surface types, including metals, polymers, elastomers, wood, etc. They’re also easily integrated into larger automated systems for enhanced functionality, such as automated assembly lines or assembly robotics.

Innovative 3D laser scanners are most commonly used in industrial design, engineering, and manufacturing, primarily because of quick and precise data capture—especially when compared to CMMs.

Thanks to their rapid data collection and processing, 3D laser scanners significantly accelerate the workflow, enhancing the productivity and reliability of your measurements. This makes 3D laser scanners invaluable in large-scale manufacturing, product design, testing, development, product launch, and subsequent support.

The applications for 3D laser scanners go beyond manufacturing, product design, and other activities associated with manufacturing industries. These measurement devices are now commonly used in the entertainment industry, forensic science, law enforcement, and medicine—for designing custom prosthetics and orthotics—and computer-generated imagery.

While 3D laser scanners are generally a more advanced technology, they’re still not as widespread as 2D laser profile scanners, which, thanks to their ability to capture two-dimensional profiles, have found widespread use across various industries and applications.

Of course, industrial automation and manufacturing benefited the most from 2D laser scanners, which are most commonly used for inspection and quality control. These scanners ensure that all produced parts and components fit the desired dimensions and within the desired tolerances, ensuring that design specifications are met.

The logistics and transportation industry also benefited immensely from the use of 2D laser scanners, which are integral to barcode scanning and product tracking systems. These scanners allow for fast and accurate readings of barcodes and QR codes on various packaging, enabling more efficient tracking, sorting, and inventory management.

Several key factors should be considered when choosing the best laser scanner for your application, and that choice largely depends on your specific requirements. Here are some of the most important considerations:

Ultimately, choosing a suitable laser scanner comes down to your particular application. If you’re unsure about which scanner best suits your needs, don’t hesitate to ask KEYENCE—the industry leader’s team of experienced personnel will answer all the questions you might have about 2D and 3D scanners.